Pdf heavy hymenolepis nana infection possibly through organic. If larvabearing eggs enter the human gastrointestinal tract, the oncospheres are released into the duodenum and attatch to. The dwarf tapeworm was found in man for the first time by bilharz, in cairo, egypt, in 1851. The family hymenolepididae has only two species which infects humans. Diplacanthus manus, hymenolepis nana, hymenolepis murina.
Given the widespread distribution and medical implication of members of the genus hymenolepis, specific identification of the aetiological agent becomes imperative. Eggs of hymenolepis nana are immediately infective when passed with the stool and cannot survive more than 10 days in the external environment. Introduction the dwarf tapeworm is a species of tapeworm that is classified in the platyhelminthes phylum. Hymenolepis nana is also known as the dwarf tapeworm. It is the smallest and only cestode that parasites the human without any intermediate host. Hymenolepis rodentolepis nana is the most common cestode of humans, particularly in. A novel laboratory anticestode assay was developed using hymenolepis diminuta in the hamster. Dwarf tapeworm hymenolepis nana, also known as rodentolepis nana, vampirolepis nana, hymenolepis fraterna, and taenia nana is a cosmopolitan species though most common in temperate zones, and is one of the most common cestodes a type of intestinal. It is most often seen in children in countries in which sanitation and hygiene are inadequate. Hymenolepis nana has a worldwide distribution with estimates of 5075 million carriers.
Hymenolepis nana, dwarf tapeworm, diarrhoea, intestinal parasite. For precise diagnosis of the species, molecular techniques such as pcr and rflp of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 rdnaits2 gene marker were carried out. In the southeastern usa, as many as 1% of young schoolchildren. Pdf we encountered a patient with heavy hymenolepis nana infection. Molecular characterization of hymenolepis nana based on nuclear. Mcconnaughey, in reference module in biomedical sciences, 2014. The species name nana is derived from its small size which means dwarf of the adult worm. Diagram showing the life cycle of the dwarf tapeworm hymenolepis nana, the cause of hymenolepiasis. Hymenolepiasis is the most common intestinal tapeworm infection of humans caused by worm of family cestoda, genus hymenolepis and species nana. Rattus norvegicus main silvestro and michalak 2012 and mrbayes v3. Since the paper of stiles 2 in 1903, a number of cases of infection with hymenolepis nana have been reported in this country. Education and information about hymenolepiasis, also known as hymenolepis nana infection, biology and life cycle. In 1906, stiles identified an identical parasite with a rodent host and named it hymenolepis fraterna. Hymenolepis nana dwarf tapeworm infection infectious.
Pdf malignant transformation of hymenolepis nana in a. Hymenolepis nana, also known as dwarf tapeworm, is a cyclophyllidean tapeworm with embryonated eggs. Hymenolepis infection or infection with the dwarf tapeworm is found worldwide. Click the button below to download a pdf of our latest catalog. However, this parasite may be present in a number of other animal transport hosts, such as fleas, beetles, rats and house mice. Clinicopathological studies on spontaneous hymenolepis. Human results showed distinct restriction patterns for both hymenolepiasis caused by the adult tapeworms, hymenolepis hymenolepis nana and hymenolepis diminuta when digested diminuta and hymenolepis nana, is a globally widespread with either of the enzymes rsai, haeiii or hhai.
He recovered a countless number of them at a postmortem on a boy who had died of meningitis. As such, hymenolepis rodentolepis nana, echinococcus canadensis and. Humans, rodents most common tapeworm of humans in the world 1% rate of infection in the southern u. The case of human hymenolepiasis lstm online archive. All the hookworms examined by the modified haradamori culture technic were necator americanus. Hymenolepis nana is the smallest of all tapeworms found in humans and is appropriately described as the dwarf tapeworm. Hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm, is the smallest and a common tapeworm in humans worldwide. Malignant transformation of hymenolepis nana in a human host article pdf available in new england journal of medicine 37319. The majority of helminth parasites that are considered by who to be the cause of neglected diseases are zoonotic. There are no adequate and wellcontrolled studies in pregnant women. Hymenolepis nana infection is observed in households with poor hygiene and overcrowding, and can have a prevalence of 525% in children 54. Hymenolepis diminuta is a cestode of rodents infrequently seen in humans and frequently found in rodents. Pdf albendazole in the treatment of hymenolepiasis in.
Dwarf tapeworm hymenolepis nana, previously known as vampirolepis nana, hymenolepis fraterna, and taenia nana is a cosmopolitan species though most common in temperate zones, and is one of the most common cestodes of humans, especially children. It is the only cestode that does not require an intermediate host to develop into its infective stage. During the course of a survey on the intestinal protozoan infections among 362 children in st. Pdf hymenolepis nana human diagnosed through colonoscopy. Laboratory diagnostic of hymenolepis nana dwarf tapeworm. Pdf differential diagnosis and molecular characterization of. Malignant transformation of hymenolepis nana in a human. This infection does not require an intermediate host and infection can occur directly from one. The hymenolepis diminutagolden hamster mesocricetus. Heavy hymenolepis nana infection possibly through organic. Later, morphological characteristics were used for taxonomy identification and h. Hymenolepis nana is a zoonotic tapeworm with widespread distribution. It occurs worldwide, but in temperate climates, children and people living in institutions are more likely to be infected. Skip directly to site content skip directly to page options skip.
It is interesting to note that the cysticercoid larval stage can develop in these hosts when this happens. Hymenolepis nana and taenia saginata ranged from 1. Some weakness, headache, anorexia, and abdominal pain may occur. When passed in the stool, the eggs are infective and are ingested by beetles or flies, which serve as intermediary hosts. The cestode, hymenolepis nana, also called the dwarf tapeworm, causes hymenolepiasis, which is usually asymptomatic. The commercial anticestode compounds, praziquantel, bunamidine, and niclosamide were active against patent infections of hymenolepis diminuta in golden hamsters mesocricetus auratus when given orally at 3. Pada scolex terdapat rostelum yang bersifat refraktil dapat ditarikditonjolkan dan mempunyai 20 30 kaitkait, serta mempunyai 4 batil isap. Frequently asked questions about hymenolepiasis, also known as hymenolepis nana infection. However, the available evidence suggests no difference in adverse birth outcomes in the children of women who were accidentally treated with praziquantel during mass prevention campaigns compared with those who were not. Tsuchiya, three cases of infection with hymenolepis nana were incidentally encountered. Cdc hymenolepis resources for health professionals. Larval and adult beetles but optional larval stage, cysticercoid, can develop in d. Although the dwarf tapeworm infection rarely causes symptoms, it can be misdiagnosed for pinworm infection.
As mentioned above, hymenolepis nana does not require an intermediate host to complete its life cycle. Both tapeworms are known for their global zoonotic significance 31. Causal agent, life cycle, and geographic distribution hymenolopis nana lifecycle including diagnostic and infective stages. Hymenolepiasis is caused by two cestodes tapeworm species, hymenolepis nana the dwarf tapeworm, adults measuring 15 to 40 mm in length and hymenolepis diminuta rat tapeworm, adults measuring 20 to 60 cm in length. Differential diagnosis and molecular characterization of. Since the prediction of stiles 1 that hymenolepis nana would prove to be a common intestinal parasite in the united states, cases have been reported with increasing frequency. Join our community just now to flow with the file hymenolepis nana and make our shared file collection even more complete and exciting.
Download fulltext pdf hymenolepis nana parasites in adopted children article pdf available in clinical infectious diseases 414. It once held two other scientific names including vampirolepis nana and taenia nana 4. Radiographic and pathological features of malignant hymenolepis nana anteroposterior and axial ct scans in panels a and b, respectively, show the presence of lung nodules. In terms of their impact on human health, the role of animal reservoirs and polyparasitism are both emerging issues in understanding the epidemiology of a number of these zoonoses. Stiles predicted that the dwarf tapeworm was going to prove a common american parasite, and from my experience it is one of the commonest intestinal worms in children. Hymenolepiasis is primarily caused by the cestode tapeworm species, hymenolepis nana the dwarf tapeworm, adults measuring 15 to 40 mm in length.
As such, hymenolepis rodentolepis nana, echinococcus canadensis and ancylostoma ceylanicum. Areas of endemicity up to 26% prevalence include asia, southern and eastern europe. Strain characteristics fecal suspension containing hymenolepis nana eggs fixed in formalin. Pdf hymenolepis nana infestation is commonly diagnosed in schoolaged children and very rarely reported in adults patients in saudi.
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